Question:

On which five fundamentals is the inner Islam of a believer based on?

Answer:

Fudail Ibn Yasar reported that Imam Al-Baqir (a.) said: “Islam was based on five matters: On the prayer , the giving of alms , fasting , pilgrimage and the guardianship (Wilayah). To no matter was one called as to the guardianship, but people took the four matters and left this, by which the guardianship is meant.” [Al-Kafi of Al-Kulaini, Volume 2 Page 18 Hadith 3]

أبو علي الأشعري، عن الحسن بن علي الكوفي، عن عباس بن عامر، عن أبان بن عثمان، عن فضيل بن يسار، عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام قال: بني الاسلام على خمس: على الصلاة والزكاة والصوم والحج والولاية ولم يناد بشئ كما نودي بالولاية، فأخذ الناس بأربع وتركوا هذه – يعني الولاية

[ 1. ] The prayer (الصلاة):

“Keep up the prayers, and the middle prayer. And stand before God in humble submission.” [Al-Baqarah 2:238]

حافظوا على الصلوات والصلاة الوسطى وقوموا لله قانتين

[ 2. ] The giving of alms (الزكاة):

“And establish regular prayer and pay the alms, and bow down with those who bow down.” [Al-Baqarah 2:43]

وأقيموا الصلاة وآتوا الزكاة واركعوا مع الراكعين

[ 3. ] The fasting (الصوم):

“O you who believe! it is prescribed for you to fast, as it was prescribed for those who lived before you, that you may fear Allah.” [Al-Baqarah 2:183]

يا أيها الذين آمنوا كتب عليكم الصيام كما كتب على الذين من قبلكم لعلكم تتقون

[ 4. ] The pilgrimage (الحج):

“And perform the pilgrimage and the pilgrimage visit for God.” [Al-Baqarah 2:196]

وأتموا الحج والعمرة لله

[ 5. ] The guardianship (الوِلاية):

“Your guardian is God and His Messenger and the believers who establish prayer and pay the alms while they bow down.” [Al-Ma’idah 5:55]

إنما وليكم الله ورسوله والذين آمنوا الذين يقيمون الصلاة ويؤتون الزكاة وهم راكعون