Question:

Who is a wrongdoer in the 47th verse of the 5th chapter “Al-Ma’idah”?

Response:

Some companions of Abu Jamilah reported that one of the Imams (a.) said: “God obligated a share to the family of Muhammad (a.) in the fifth (Khums), but out of envy and enmity Abu Bakr refused to hand over their share to them and God said: “Whoever did not judge, by what God revealed, these are the wrongdoers.” (5:47) Abu Bakr was the first who denied the family of Muhammad (a.) their right, oppressed them and set people on their necks. When Abu Bakr died, he appointed Umar as his successor without consulting the Muslims and without the consent of the family of Muhammad (a.) and Umar lived the same way and did not give the family of Muhammad (a.) their right and behaved in the same way as Abu Bakr behaved.” [Al-Burhan of Al-Bahrani, Volume 2 page 469 – 470]

العياشي عن أبي جميلة عن بعض أصحابه عن أحدهما عليهما السلام قال: قد فرض الله في الخمس نصيبا لآل محمد صلوات الله عليهم فأبى أبو بكر أن يعطيهم نصيبهم حسدا وعداوة وقد قال الله ومن لم يحكم بما أنزل الله أولئك هم الفاسقون وكان أبو بكر أول من منع آل محمد صلوات الله عليهم حقهم وظلمهم وحمل الناس على رقابهم ولما قبض أبو بكر استخلف عمر على غير شورى من المسلمين ولا رضا من آل محمد صلوات الله عليهم فعاش عمر بذلك لم يعط آل محمد حقهم وصنع ما صنع أبو بكر

Shaqiq reported that Ammar ibn Yasir said: “Three bear witness against Uthman and I am the fourth and worse of the four: “Whoever does not judge, by what God has revealed, these are the disbelievers.” (5:44) And: “Whoever does not judge, by what God has revealed, these are the unjust.” (5:45) And: “Whoever does not judge, by what God has revealed, these are the wrongdoers.” (5:47) I bear witness that he did not judge by what God revealed.” [Taqrib-ul-Ma’arif of Al-Halabi, page 273]

عن الثقفي عن شقيق عن عمار بن ياسر رضي الله عنه قال: ثلاث يشهدون على عثمان وأنا الرابع وأنا أسوء الأربعة ومن لم يحكم بما أنزل الله فأولئك هم الكافرون ومن لم يحكم بما أنزل الله فأولئك هم الظالمون ومن لم يحكم بما أنزل الله فأولئك هم الفاسقون وأنا أشهد لقد حكم بغير ما أنزل الله

Muhammad ibn Mas’ud reported from some of his companions that Ammar ibn Yasir said: “Three bear witness that Uthman is an disbeliever and I am the fourth and the more uneasy of the four.” Then he read these verses from the chapter of Al-Ma’idah: “Whoever does not judge by what God has revealed, these are the disbelievers, (5:44) these are the unjust, (5:45) these are the wrongdoers.” (5:47) [Bihar-ul-Anwar of Al-Majlisi, Volume 101 page 266]

عن محمد بن مسعود عن بعض أصحابه عن عمار بن ياسر رضي الله عنه قال: ثلاثة يشهدون على عثمان أنه كافر وأنا الرابع وأنا أسم الأربعة ثم قرأ هؤلاء الآيات في المائدة ومن لم يحكم بما أنزل الله فأولئك هم الكافرون، والظالمون والفاسقون