Qur’an:

“O Noah, he is not of your people. He did a deed, which is not righteous. Do not ask Me for what you do not know. I instruct you, lest you should join the ranks of the ignorant.” [Hud 11:46]

يا نوح إنه ليس من أهلك إنه عمل غير صالح فلا تسألن ما ليس لك به علم إني أعظك أن تكون من الجاهلين

Sunnah:

Musa Al-Kazim (a.) reported that Imam As-Sadiq (a.) said: “God said to Noah (a.): “He is not of your people.” (11:46) For he was his enemy and God made the one, who follows him, to be of his people. How do people read this verse about the son of Noah (a.)?” I said: “People read it in two ways: “He is a deed, that is not righteous.” And: “He did a deed, that is not righteous.” He said: “They have lied! He is his biological son, but when he became his enemy in faith, God rejected him, from being one of His people.” [Ilal-ush-Shara’i of As-Saduq, Volume 1 page 30 – 31 Hadith 1]

حدثنا أبي رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد الله، عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن الحسن بن علي الوشا عن الرضا عليه السلام قال: سمعته يقول قال أبى عليه السلام، قال أبو عبد الله عليه السلام، ان الله عز وجل قال لنوح أنه ليس من أهلك لأنه كان ُمخالفا له وجعل من اتبعه من أهله، قال: وسألني كيف تقرؤن هذه الآية في ابن نوح؟ فقلت تقرؤها الناس على وجهين، انه عملٌ غير صالح، وانه عمِل غيرَ صالح، فقال كذبوا هو ابنه، ولكن الله عز وجل نفاه عنه حين خالفه في دينه

Yasir Al-Khadim reported that Imam Ar-Rida (a.) said: “Noah (a.) said: “O my Lord, my son is of my people and Your promise is the truth and You are the wisest of judges.” (11:45) But God said: “O Noah, he is not of your people. He did a deed, that is not righteous.” (11:46) God excluded him from being of His people because of his disobedience.” [Uyun-ul-Akhbar of As-Saduq, Volume 1 page 259 – 260 Hadith 4]

ماجيلويه وابن المتوكل والهمداني جميعا عن علي بن إبراهيم، عن ياسر الخادم، عن الرضا عليه السلام قال: إن نوحا قال رب إن ابني من أهلي وإن وعدك الحق وأنت أحكم الحاكمين فقال الله عز وجل يا نوح إنه ليس من أهلك إنه عمل غير صالح فأخرجه الله عز وجل من أن يكون من أهله بمعصيته

Al-Hasan Ibn Musa Al-Washsha reported that Imam Ar-Rida (a.) said: “O Hasan, how do people read this verse: “He said: O Noah, he is not of your people. He performed a deed, which is not righteous.” (11:46) I said: “Some of the people read it this way: “He did a deed, that is not righteous.” And others read it thus: “It is a deed, that is not righteous.” And others read it thus: “He is a deed, that is not righteous.” By which He detached him from his father.” He said: “Not at all! He was His biological son, but when he disobeyed God, He detached him from his father, just as he who belongs to us and thereupon disobeys God no longer belongs to us. If you obey God, then you belong to us, the people of the House.” [Nur-uth-Thaqalain by Abd-ul-Ali Al-Huwaizi, Volume 2 page 369 – 370 Hadith 141]

عن الحسن بن موسى الوشا البغدادي عن علي بن موسى الرضا عليه السلام قال: يا حسن كيف تقرؤن هذه الآية: قال يا نوح انه ليس من أهلك انه عمل غير صالح فقلت: من الناس من يقرء انه عمل غير صالح ومنهم من يقرء انه عمل غير صالح فمن قرء انه عمل غير صالح نفاه عن أبيه فقال عليه السلام: كلا لقد كان ابنه ولكن لما عصى الله عز وجل نفاه عن أبيه، كذا من كان منا لم يطع الله عز وجل فليس منا وأنت إذا أطعت الله فأنت منا أهل البيت

Meanwhile, some innovators claim that the son of Noah (a.) was conceived out of wedlock.

Muhammad ibn Jarir At-Tabari writes: “The scholars of interpretation disagree as to what is meant by His saying: “He is not of your people.” (11:46) Therefore, some of them say that it means: “He is not your biological son. He is of another man besides you.” And they say: “This was done out of dishonour.” [Tafsir At-Tabari, Vol. 15 page 340]

قال محمد بن جرير الطبري: واختلف أهل التأويل في معنى قوله ليس من أهلك فقال بعضهم معناه ليس من ولدك هو من غيرك. وقالوا: كان ذلك من حنث

Awf reported that Al-Hasan said: “As for His word: “He is not of your people.” (11:46) So he was not his biological son.” [Tafsir At-Tabari, Volume 15 page 340 Hadith 18208]

حدثني يعقوب بن إبراهيم قال، حدثنا هشيم، عن عوف، عن الحسن، في قوله إنه ليس من أهلك قال: لم يكن ابنه

Sa’id reported that Qatadah said: “I heard Al-Hasan reading the sign: “He is not of your people. He is a deed, that is not righteous.” (11:46) After that he said: “By God, he was not his biological son!” After that he read this sign: “God has set as an example for those who disbelieve the wife of Noah and the wife of Lot. They were both subject to two servants of our righteous servants. But they were faithless to them, so they could not avail them in the sight of God. And it was said: ‘”Enter into the Fire with those who enter in.” (66:10) Sa’id mentioned this to Qatadah and he said: “It is not befitting for him to take an oath.” [Tafsir At-Tabari, Volume 15 page 341 Hadith 18214]

حدثنا بشر قال حدثنا يزيد قال حدثنا سعيد عن قتادة قال سمعت الحسن يقرأ هذه الآية: إنه ليس من أهلك إنه عمل غير صالح فقال عند ذلك والله ما كان ابنه ثم قرأ هذه الآية فخانتاهما قال سعيد: فذكرت ذلك لقتادة، قال: ما كان ينبغي له أن يحلف

Ma’mar reported that Qatadah said: “I was with Al-Hasan and he said: “Noah called out to his son? By the life of God, he was not his biological son!” I said: “O father of Sa’id, He says: “Noah called to his son!” (11:43) And you say: “He was not his biological son?” Al-Hasan said: “Have you not read His word: “He is not of your people?” (11:46) I said: “He is not of your people whom I shall save with you. The People of the Book agree that he is His biological son!” He said: “The People of the Book are lying!” [Tafsir At-Tabari, Volume 15 page 341 Hadith 18213]

حدثنا الحسن بن يحيى قال، أخبرنا عبد الرزاق، قال: أخبرنا معمر، عن قتادة قال: كنت عند الحسن فقال: نادى نوح ابنه لعمر الله ما هو ابنه! قال: قلت: يا أبا سعيد يقول: ونادى نوح ابنه وتقول: ليس بابنه؟ قال: أفرأيت قوله: إنه ليس من أهلك قال: قلت إنه ليس من أهلك الذين وعدتك أن أنجيهم معك، ولا يختلف أهل الكتاب أنه ابنه. قال: إن أهل الكتاب يكذبون

Ibn Ulayyah reported that Al-Hasan said: “No, by God, he is not his biological son!” [Tafsir At-Tabari, Volume 15 Page 340 Hadith 18210]

حدثنا ابن وكيع قال، حدثنا ابن علية عن أصحاب ابن أبي عروبة فيهم عن الحسن قال لا والله ما هو بابنه

Awf reported that Al-Hasan said: “As for His word: “He is not of your people.” (11:46) So he was not his biological son.” [Tafsir At-Tabari, Volume 15 page 340 Hadith 18208]

حدثني يعقوب بن إبراهيم قال، حدثنا هشيم، عن عوف، عن الحسن، في قوله إنه ليس من أهلك قال: لم يكن ابنه

Awf and Mansur reported that Al-Hasan said: “It is said: “He is not one of your people.” (11:46) For he was not his biological son.” He used to read it: “He is a deed, that is not righteous.” [Tafsir At-Tabari, Volume 15 page 340 Hadith 18212]

حدثني المثنى قال، حدثنا عمرو بن عون قال، حدثنا هشيم، عن عوف، ومنصور، عن الحسن في قوله إنه ليس من أهلك  قال لم يكن ابنه وكان يقرؤها إنه عمل غير صالح

Hajjaj reported that Ibn Juraij said: “As for His word: “Noah called to his son.” (11:43) So he called him and thought that he was his biological son and he was conceived on his marriage bed.” [Tafsir At-Tabari, Volume 15 page 343 Hadith 18218]

حدثنا القاسم قال، حدثنا الحسين قال، حدثني حجاج عن ابن جريج في قوله ونادى نوح ابنه قال: ناداه وهو يحسبه أنه ابنه وكان ولد على فراشه

Ibn Nujaih reported that Mujahid mentioned the verse: “Do not ask Me for what you do not know.” (11:46) He said: “Noah (a.) received clear proof that he was not his biological son.” [Tafsir At-Tabari, Volume 15 page 341 Hadith 18215]

حدثني محمد بن عمرو قال، حدثنا أبو عاصم قال، حدثنا عيسى، عن ابن أبي نجيح، عن مجاهد: فلا تسألن ما ليس لك به علم قال: تبين لنوح أنه ليس بابنه

Ibn Nujaih reported that Mujahid mentioned the verse: “Do not ask Me for what you do not know.” (11:46) He said: “God gave Noah (a.) clear proof that he was not His biological son.” [Tafsir At-Tabari, Volume 15 page 342 Hadith 18216]

حدثني المثنى قال، حدثنا أبو حذيفة قال، حدثنا شبل، عن ابن أبي نجيح، عن مجاهد فلا تسألني ما ليس لك به علم قال: بين الله لنوح أنه ليس بابنه